Search results for "winter wheat"
showing 10 items of 11 documents
The spatial and temporal distribution of carabid and weed seed predation in winter wheat: a comparison between conventional and conservation agricult…
2013
Carabids can be key players in weed seed predation within arable crops under temperate climate. Field management options, because they affect carabid communities, may represent potential levers to increase weed seed predation levels within fields. Among these options, Conservation Agriculture is often presented as a promising management option for carabids but its effect on weed seed predation levels is less clear. In this study, carabids and weed seed predation were monitored using a grid sampling from April till September 2011 in two adjacent winter-wheat fields in North-eastern France, one conducted as no-till with cover crop for 5 years (conservation agriculture) and the other as conven…
Pesticides sur blé tendre d'hiver, diversité dans le détail
2013
Contexte -L’analyse des pratiques d’application des pesticides (herbicides, fongicides, insecticides, ré-gulateurs) sur le blé tendre d’hiver (BTH) a été réalisée à partir de données d’en-quêtes annuelles sur une petite zone agricole en Côte-d’Or. Etude - L’étude a porté sur 294 parcelles appar-tenant à 13 exploitants pour la période 2004-2011. L’indice retenu pour carac-tériser l’usage des pesti-cides est l’IFT (indice de fréquence de traitements).
Behaviour of the herbicide EL-107 in wheat and rape grown under controlled conditions
1987
Summary The behaviour of 14C-EL-107 has been evaluated in winter wheat and rape, which are tolerant and susceptible, respectively, under field conditions. After 10- to 13-days’growth under controlled conditions, seedlings were allowed to absorb the herbicide through the roots. Two experiments were conducted to study the absorption and the metabolism of EL-107. Absorption was estimated during a 5-day treatment at the rate of 1–47 μM, and metabolism was studied after a 1-day treatment at 14.7 μM. The results showed that (i) rape plants absorbed more herbicide than wheat, and translocated less radioactivity into their shoots, and (ii) the metabolism of EL-107 proceeded actively only in the sho…
Forecasting Wheat Yield Using Remote Sensing: The ARYA Forecasting System
2021
In this study we present a model to forecast wheat yield based on the evolution of the Difference Vegetation Index (DVI) and the Growing Degree Days (GDD), presented in Franch et al. (2015), but adapted to Franch et al. (2019) model. Additionally, we explore how the Land Surface Temperature (LST) can be included into the model and if this parameter adds any value to the model when combined with the optical information. This study is applied to MODIS data at 1km resolution to monitor the national and state level yield of winter wheat in the United States and Ukraine from 2001 to 2019.
Analyse des effets direct et indirect des pratiques agricoles sur les adventices et la production de blé tendre d’hiver
2016
Analysis of direct and indirect effects of farming practices on weeds and winter wheat yield. Farmers implement farming practices to maximize production by limiting biotic (e.g. weeds) and abiotic (e.g. nutrient) growth factors. Our study aimed to quantify direct and indirect (through a change of weed pressure) effects of farming practices on yield. We analysed the relationships between farming practices, weeds and yield of 152 wheat fields located in the study site of Fénay (UMR Agroécologie, Dijon) using partial least square path modelling (PLS-PM). Our results showed that farming practices had a positive direct effect on crop productivity (β = 0.32). Farming practices decreased weed pres…
Discovery of lunasin peptide in triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack)
2012
Lunasin is a novel, cancer-preventive, anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-reducing peptide that was originally isolated from soy and later from barley, wheat and rye. We report the first discovery of lunasin in triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack). Moreover, we report first data of lunasin content in winter rye and wheat genotypes grown in Northern Europe. These data are novel as previously published data on finding of lunasin in cereals were obtained in genotypes grown in Korea. Lunasin content was uncovered using a previously published procedure for isolation from cereals and identified by LC-MS/MS assay. We found that triticale was the most lunasin-rich cereal, with the tested genotypes d…
Synergy of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Time Series for Cloud-Free Vegetation Water Content Mapping with Multi-Output Gaussian Processes
2023
Optical Earth Observation is often limited by weather conditions such as cloudiness. Radar sensors have the potential to overcome these limitations, however, due to the complex radar-surface interaction, the retrieving of crop biophysical variables using this technology remains an open challenge. Aiming to simultaneously benefit from the optical domain background and the all-weather imagery provided by radar systems, we propose a data fusion approach focused on the cross-correlation between radar and optical data streams. To do so, we analyzed several multiple-output Gaussian processes (MOGP) models and their ability to fuse efficiently Sentinel-1 (S1) Radar Vegetation Index (RVI) and Senti…
Generating Winter Wheat Global Crop Calendars in the Framework of Worldcereal
2021
In this study we present a methodology to develop a global winter wheat crop calendar based on the existing crop calendar products from FAO and GEOGLAM Crop Monitor in the framework of the WorldCereal project. It is based on integrating both datasets by building on the accuracy from Crop Monitor and the spatial resolution from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Additionally, given the global extent of WorldCereal and the gaps that both products present at global scale, we simulated the crop calendars in those areas not covered by any of the products. To do so, we integrated a Regression-Kriging model considering as training data the calendars derived from bot…
Ecotoxicological assessment of mineralized stratum water as an environmentally friendly substitute for agrochemicals
2022
Received: May 2nd, 2022 ; Accepted: July 17th, 2022 ; Published: July 28th, 2022 ; Correspondence: maryna.galytska@pdaa.edu.ua; akalinichenko@uni.opole.pl As a result of military operations on the territory of Ukraine, sown areas are reduced, the cost of plant protection products and fertilizers increases which emphasizes the problem of obtaining maximum yields from a smaller area of farmland. Given that a shortage of food grains can cause a global food crisis, research on the use of MSW as an environmentally friendly substitute for agrochemicals is relevant today. The aim of the research was to assess the ecotoxicological properties of MSW as an environmentally friendly substitute for synt…
Trait distribution within winter wheat fields can partly be explained by disturbances and competition for resources
2013
International audience; Weed species are not homogeneously distributed into field elements (Cordeau et al. 2012)*.In a field, weed species are mainly competing with the crop and constrained by management practice (i.e.disturbances). In the crop edge, less unfavorable conditions for weed development (i.e.absence of direct crop competition,l ess frequent disturbances could explain the greater diversity of weeds.To understand this observation, a functional approach base dont raits known to respond both to disturbances and to competitive or facilitative interactions can be used.Our assumptions are that(i)the crop edge is likely to all owawi derrange of ecological strategies thus promoting speci…